Definition, aim, objectives and scope of plant breeding. Its objective are to improve yield, quality, disease resistance, drought and frost tolerance. It is also called as german method or german method of broad breeding because once it was used nicely in germany for improving the sugar beets and small grains such as rye and wheat. With halfsib design the simulation process assumed 200females and infinite male gametic pool. Methods, models, and perspectives jose crossa,1, paulino perezrodriguez,2 jaime cuevas,3 osval montesinoslopez,4 diego jarquin,5.
This includes accounts of many of the developments in cytogenetics cytogenetics subject category. Plant breeding can be defined as an art and science and technology of improving the genetic make up of plants in relation to their economic use for the man kind. Mar 27, 2020 much of the worlds population growth will occur in regions where food insecurity is prevalent, with large increases in food demand projected in regions of africa and south asia. It is also termed as recurrent reciprocal half sib selection. Burton2, svetlana balesevic tubic1, dragana miladinovic1, vuk djordjevic1, vojin djukic1 1institute of field and vegetable crops, m. The process can break the linkage of disadvantageous. Selection typically involves evaluating a breeding population for one or more traits in field or glasshouse trials e. Thus it is a cyclic selection that is used to improve the frequency of desirable alleles for a character in a breeding population. Most of the sources were introduced over 50 years ago and have been progressively recombined through a simple recurrent selection process. Reciprocal recurrent selection in maize enhances heterosis.
It aims at improving the genetic makeup of the crop plants. Selection index based on the relative importance of traits. General combining ability, recurrent selection for specific. Responses to seven methods of recurrent selection in the bs11. Broadly, marker assisted selection mas can be divided into two categories, that of markerassisted backcrossing or introgression and that of markerassisted recurrent selection or population improvement. Pdf phenotypic recurrent selection in ideotype breeding of. While improving food security in these regions will require a multifaceted approach, improved performance of crop varieties in these regions will play a critical role. The application of recurrent selection to animal breeding appears to be more difficult than its application to plant breeding because. Individuals in two lines are not completely homozygous in opposite ways for all pairs of genes but that one allele may be present at a high frequency in one line and at a low frequency in. For a mixture combining the progeny families of candidates r of species 1 and s of.
The book demonstrates that ppb is in essence no different from conventional plant breeding, being based on the very same principles of mendelian, quantitative and population genetics, and therefore has complemented the traditional approach to plant breeding with. The time period required for selection, testing, and reincorporation of improved genetic recombinants into the breeding program, or the completion of a cycle of recurrent selection, ranged from 6. Recurrent selection as a scientific plant breeding method was not practiced in a. Pdf selection is an important breeding strategy practiced to improve many. They verified different types of epistasis and changes in combining ability variances related to grain yield, dry matter concentration and plant height. Tuchscherer department of biometry, research institute for biology of farm animals dummerstorj. Jul 11, 2012 the objective of the research was to evaluate recurrent selection strategies in maize zea mays l. Therefore, for these characteristics, the specific combining ability sca is as important as the general combining ability. The procedure of recurrent selection was described. You need to produce a cultivar that is unlike anything else available or differs significantly, and has the potential to sell at a high price and in large numbers. The process of recurrent selection 7 arose from a practical desire to improve parent line performance in the inbredhybrid 8 breeding method. A sorghum practical haplotype graph facilitates genomewide. Autopolypolids and allopolyploids are dealt with in the next few chapters. Improved varieties are developed through plant breeding.
Genetic linkage is a phenomenon in which genes tend to be inherited together. Phenotypic recurrent selection is defined as recurrent selection. Recurrent selection is an important breeding method employed to improve the. Then, the reciprocal recurrent selection outlined showed that it can be useful to supplement pedigree selection in commercial maize hybrid breeding programmes. Cab direct platform is the most thorough and extensive source of reference in the applied life sciences, incorporating the leading bibliographic databases cab abstracts and global health. In this case the effective population size was approximately 800. Feb 12, 2008 the fundamental basis of plant breeding is the selection of specific plants with desirable traits. Modes of reproduction introduction reproduction modes autogamous crops consequences of selffertilisation. Department of genetics and plant breeding, institute of agricultural sciences.
Pdf reciprocal recurrent selection in the breeding of brachiaria. Selection methods in plant breeding based on mode of. Which recurrent selection scheme to improve mixtures of crop. Repetitive cycling and simple recurrent selection in. The north dakota breeding program primarily uses a modified pedigree program and, to a lesser degree, backcross, single seed descent, recurrent selection. Breeding strategies for recurrent selection of maize scielo. Recurrent selection for specific combining ability in corn. Breeding signature of combining ability improvement revealed. Because plants are not totally genetically stable, it can be expected that deviations would occur through the years. Teaching plant breeding held at the 95th annual meeting of the american society for. A new conceptual framework isabelle litrico1, and cyrille violle2 faced with an accelerating rate of environmental change and the associated need for a more sustainable, lowinput agriculture, the urgent new challenge for crop promoting science is to. Minimum number of individuals required for combining ability tests in reccurent selection methods and the change rate of that number were estimated by numerical computations derived from theoretical formulae. Several breeding methods are available to plant breeders for germplasm improvement, such as the pedigree method, bulk method, single seed descent, backcross method, and recurrent selection. Recurrent selection on general and specific combining ability of.
Recurrent selection has been established as a very useful method for plant breeding. Performance through recurrent selection programs, and monitors. Population improvement strategies for crop improvement. In this a highly inbred line presumably homozygous at most loci is selected as a tester.
Genomic selection across multiple families in the breeding program. There are two general types of cy clical selection methods, depending upon the pri mary goals of the breeding program. Breeding strategies for recurrent selection of maize 85 200females. A large number of individuals are crossed with this line and their progeny are evaluated.
Thus it is evident that the ef fort of recording the genealogy of the segregating population should be. The genetic variances and covariances were obtained for intrapopulational p11 and p22 and. A reciprocal recurrent selection procedure outlined to. Recurrent selection is a variation of backcross breeding, where selection for performance is. Plant breeding can be accomplished through many different techniques ranging from simply selecting plants with desirable. Plant breeding can be a risky business, though, if you do not have an adequate level of plant knowledge as well as horticultural skills. Responses to seven methods of recurrent selection in the bs11 maize population roger a. Aims and objectives of plant breeding plant breeding is an art and science, which tells us ways and means to change the genetic architecture of plants so as to attain a particular objective. Rostock, wilhelmstahlalleez, 18196 dummerstorf german, received 12 may 1994, revised 12 april 1995 abstract selection is one of the.
Finally, the techniques of recurrent selection are described and its application to maize and other crops considered. Pdf phenotypic recurrent selection in ideotype breeding. Hallauer abstract methods include these three phases, they vary in types recurrent selection methods have been effectively used by maize of progenies evaluated i. The overall results showed that the procedure of rrs used was highly effective for improving the population cross, and could be used as an early testing for partially inbred lines. Effectiveness of recurrent selection and recurrent irradiation in oat. The initial idea about recurrent selection was independently given by hayes and garber in 1919, and east and jones in 1920. Pdf plant growth habit type plays a major determining role in the acceptance of a dry bean cultivar by commercial growers. Breeding signature of combining ability improvement revealed by a genomic variation map from recurrent selection population in brassica napus. Recurrent selection an overview sciencedirect topics. Breeding strategies for recurrent selection of maize. Open access original paper recurrent selection methods to. Selection index based on the relative importance of traits and possibilities in breeding popcorn r.
Reciprocal recurrent selection a form of recurrent selection that is used to improve both gca and sca of a population for a character using two heterozygous testers is known as reciprocal recurrent selection. Full text of plant breeding principles and methods see other formats. Phenotypic recurrent selection in ideotype breeding of pinto. Definition, aim, objectives and scope of plant breeding definition. In the former, the goal is to incorporate one or few major genes or qtl into elite breeding lines or in some situations, a breeding. This seems to violate mendels postulate of independent assortment of genes and can make it difficult to pick out a single trait from one parent without also bringing over others. Kidwell encyclopedia of life support systems eolss despite advances in technologies, plant breeding is still based on mendels original concept of inheritance which is extended to encompass the inheritance of quantitative.
Breeding signature of combining ability improvement revealed by a. Plant breeding is a science based on principles of genetics and cytogenetics. Selection, in the case of asexual plants, can be defined as the selection of the best performing plant and the vegetative propagation thereof. Recurrent selection is a method which involves reselection generation after generation with interbreeding of selects to provide for genetic recombination. Common intrapopulation improvement methods in use include mass selection, eartorow selection, and recurrent selection. Recurrent selection for sca a form of recurrent selection that is used to improve the specific combining ability of a population for a character using homozygous tester also called half sib recurrent selection with homozygous tester. Essential for adapting to coming challenges and new. The objectives of this work were to analyze theoretical genetic gains of maize due to recurrent selection among fullsib and halfsib families, obtained by design i, fullsib design and halfsib design, and genotypic variability and gene loss with long term selection. Recurrent selection in breeding practice the interest in recurrent selection first arose in maize breeding programs because of general disappointment with the performancies of secondcycle hybrids hull, 1952. Intrapopulation methods may be based on single plants as unit of, or family. Introduction standard recurrent selection techniques in soybean marker.
385 1434 321 700 293 479 838 623 294 1301 631 471 517 1123 1442 1344 775 535 1055 398 565 250 61 1488 1316 782 744 466 1309 959 1395 917 528 1013